Fonds 116 DeBolt & District Pioneer Museum Society fonds

745 photographs

1454 negatives

41 maps

A transcript of the first Resource Conference of the Northwest Region, sponsored by the Grande Prairie Chamber of Commerce and held at the York Hotel in Grande Prairie on April 25-26, 1960. It contains transcripts of speeches made by various speakers on “Our Forests”, “Our Agriculture”, “Our Oil, Our Gas, and Other Minerals”, “Our Transportation”, “Power”, “Our Industrial Development”, “Our Industry”, “Our Regional Planning”, and “Developmental Action for the Northwest Region.”

Report on the development of Northern Alberta, published under the Public Inquiries Act as a matter of public interest. The purpose of the inquiry was “to make a complete and thorough study of the conditions and particular requirements of the northern areas of the province in relation to their present and potential development.” This included the extent and location of natural resources, the population trends, agricultural and industrial opportunity, power, transportation and communication requirements, and market trends.

History of the Fairview College and Community – how the Fairview School of Agriculture and Home Economics was developed and overcoming many obstacles, grew into Fairview College.

Date: 1974-1980 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The series consists of correspondence regarding the writing and printing of the book: the original, handwritten, first person accounts of the settlers or their descendants sent in specifically for this publication; accounts of community organizations compiled from research or memory; a series of township plans showing who was living in the district; lists of photographs and captions used in the publication; a proof of a drawing used as the cover of the book; and a published copy of the book. Included with the original first person accounts is the Memoirs of Bill Sargent. There is also one unidentified negative of a man playing a violin.

Physical description: 16 cm textual records

17 maps

1 negative

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

•                Cartographic material (documentary form)

•                Graphic material – photograph (documentary form)

•                Graphic material (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Maps showing the families living Darwin School District. Attached notes refer to people contacted for the “Across the Smoky” book.

Maps showing the families living East Smoky School District (South Goodwin area). Attached notes refer to people contacted for the “Across the Smoky” book.

Maps showing the families living Edson Trail School District. Attached notes refer to people contacted for the “Across the Smoky” book.

Map showing the families living Harper Creek School District.

Maps showing the families living Ridgevalley School District. Attached notes refer to people contacted for the “Across the Smoky” book.

Proof of the front cover and spine for the book “Across the Smoky”.

Date: 1910-1988 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The series consists of the original manuscript and the research files used to create this publication: copies of diaries and personal stories from people who came in over the Edson Trail; copies of a series of stories written by A.H. McQuarrie from 1954 to 1966; copies of articles from the Edson Leader, the Edmonton Bulletin, and miscellaneous papers and magazines; and a series of maps and township plans of the Trail and families along it. There is also a correspondence file regarding planning, writing, financing, and printing; one photograph of Edna Agar’s trip on the trail used in advertising; and a published copy of the book.

Physical description: 25 cm textual records

7 maps

1 photograph

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

•                Graphic material – photograph (documentary form)

•                Cartographic material (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

1” = 6 miles

Scope and content:

Photocopies of the Alberta Brule Sheet West of the Fifth Meridian dated July 1, 1916; Berland Sheet West of the Fifth Meridian dated December 1, 1916; Iosegun Sheet West of the Fifth Meridian dated July 1, 1917; and the Wapiti Sheet West of the Sixth Meridian dated September 1, 1918. All maps show the Edson Trail plotted in red, as well as trails, roads surveyed, post offices, and telegraph lines.

1” = 35 miles

Scope and content:

Photocopy of a map from the front page of January 20, 1910 Peace River Pilot and Entwistle News proposing a short route to Grande Prairie from Entwistle on the Grande Trunk Pacific Railway. This was when a shorter route from Edmonton to Grande Prairie was being explored.

1” = 30 miles

Scope and content:

Photocopy of a map showing the progress and direction of the settlement in the country north of Edmonton. The townships outlined are those which were surveyed at the opening of 1910. Those hatched in black are the townships in which there were at that date five or more settlers.

Alberta road map with another Alberta map on reverse side showing points of interest for tourists.

Date: 1931-1999 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The series consists of research files regarding the executive records and the activities of the club, the original manuscript put together in 1989, and a published copy of the book.

Physical description: 9 cm textual records

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Date: [1990-2000] (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The series consists of research, first draft (including photographs), and final textual draft of the Sawmills Across the Smoky chapter in Bridges to the Past. Histories, stories, and photographs are included for the following mills: Airth, Bartel, Bickell, Binks, Burroughs, Chapman, Croken, Dana, Dascalo, DeBolt, Jantz/Diemert, Dorscheid, Enns, Gerwatoski, Giesbrecht, Gitzel, Haldin, Halwa, Hystad, Isaac, Isaac/Esau, Jantz, Loewen, Big 6, We 3, Maile, Pete Moon, C. Moon, Newman, Nilsson, Norton, Nowry, Perry, Reimer, Scott, and Smith, with minor notes on other mills in the area. There are also notes on interviews with Gene & Grace Dana, Art & Marion Loewen, and Sam & Mabel Jantz.

Physical description: 8 cm textual records

100 photographs (approximate)

Access points:

•                Graphic material – photograph (documentary form)

•                Textual record (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Date: 1993-1999 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The series consists of the history book committee minutes; original family story submissions; histories of organizations, schools, and businesses; correspondence and grant applications; and planning and organizational documents.

Physical description: 20 cm textual records

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Date: 1919-1997 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The series consists of personal documents and photographs belonging or relating to Ernst Gustaf Berg, Ruth Chapman, the Clarkson Family, George and Virginia DeBolt, Elbert and Laurie DeBolt, DeBolt and Bickell Sawmill, DeBolt Farmers Savings and Credit Union, Peter and Konstantine Elaschuk, Katherine Margaret Fehr, Lindsay/Lindsey family., Belle Matlock Swann, Robert Mehlum, Edna Stevenson, Garnet Summers, Jean Wilson, and Ellis Ross Turner.

Physical description: 19 cm textual records

9 photographs

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

•                Graphic material – photograph (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Date: 1921-1982 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The subseries consists of a photograph of Gust Berg’s home in Sweden, immigration papers, a newspaper clipping with the announcement of the death of Konrad Karlsson, some cards written to Gust in later life when he was resident at Red Willow Lodge and his memorial card from 1982. The immigration papers are mostly in Swedish and include an official document when he was 18 years old, his immigration ticket to sail on the Swedish American Line on September 8, 1928, a ship surgeon’s certificate, immigration identification card, and a Canadian National Railways pass stating he is looking for farm work.

Physical description: 1 cm textual records

1 photograph

Language of the material:

Swedish

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

•                Graphic material – photograph (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Alpha-numeric designations:

Numbers on the documents are accession numbers from DeBolt & District Pioneer Museum.

Ernst Gustaf Berg’s home in Sweden. An unidentified person is standing in front of the outbuilding next to the house.

Date: [1980] (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The subseries consists of the typewritten memoirs of Ruth I. (Baughn) Chapman, a teacher in the East Smoky School Division, and covers the period of 1942-1979. Also included is a history of the Ridgevalley School District #4563 presented at the 1979 Ridevalley Reunion.

Physical description: 1 cm textual records

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Alpha-numeric designations:

Numbers on the documents are accession numbers from DeBolt & District Pioneer Museum.

Date: 1919-1965 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The subseries consists of correspondence from The Soldier Settlement Board of Canada in 1926 regarding insurance on his buildings on NE 5-72-4-W6; tax notices and receipts from the M.D. of Grande Prairie from 1923-1926; a 1927 agreement with the Grande Prairie District Co-operative Livestock Marketing Association; and receipts and communications from the Alberta Co-operative Wheat Producers (Wheat Pool) from 1925-1927 showing how many trips and much grain Mr. Clarkson delivered in the winter. There are also miscellaneous items dating from 1919-1965: receipts from C.A. McDonald Co., E.D. & B.C. Railway and Thompson & Tooley at Grande Prairie; correspondence from Weights and Measures, Trust & Loan Co. and Midlandvale sales; and a poster for Forrest & Edith Falk’s Auction. Also included is an oversized wedding certificate from the marriage of Douglas Wilson Clarkson and Emma Altenhof in 1935, and a 1954 accounts book recording farm income and expenses for that year.

Physical description: 2 cm textual records

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Alpha-numeric designations:

Numbers on the documents are accession numbers from DeBolt & District Pioneer Museum.

The marriage certificate of Douglas Clarkson and Emma Altenhof, December 6, 1935.

Date: 1948-1982 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The subseries consists of a few photocopied pages of a diary (1948-1951) with notes about climate in those years; 1961 story and articles about George and Virginia DeBolt; two certificates from the Province of Alberta on the occasion of their 50th Wedding Anniversary in 1961; an Easement Agreement for widening a road onto his land, for which he was paid $1.00 in 1961; and an article and certificate for Virginia’s 100th birthday in 1982.

Physical description: 1 cm textual records

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Alpha-numeric designations:

Numbers on the documents are accession numbers from DeBolt & District Pioneer Museum.

Date: 1948-[1960] (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The subseries consists of Transfer of Land document for the transfer of Lot 20, Blk 3, Plan 1273 HW in DeBolt from Elbert and Laurie DeBolt to the DeBolt United Church for $1.00 in 1948. There is also a certificate from the Province of Alberta on the occasion of their 50th Anniversary.

Physical description: 1 cm textual records

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Alpha-numeric designations:

Numbers on the documents are accession numbers from DeBolt & District Pioneer Museum.

Date: 1935-1954 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The subseries consists of one record book of all sawing done at the Saw-mill of DeBolt and Bickell erected on SW 12-72-1-W6 between May 5, 1935 and August 7th, 1935. The book also includes a “Notice to Operators of Saw-Mills” re: timber regulations; a blank Affidavit form; and a blank Application for a Settler’s Timber Permit. Note on front of book says “M.B. 893 Expires 31st March 1936.”

Physical description: 1 cm textual records

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Alpha-numeric designations:

Numbers on the documents are accession numbers from DeBolt & District Pioneer Museum.

Date: 1943-1951 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The subseries consists of the original Certification of Incorporation for The DeBolt Farmers Savings and Credit Union in 1943 and a Summary of Examinations for Credit Unions in Alberta for 1951.

Physical description: 1 cm textual records

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Alpha-numeric designations:

Numbers on the documents are accession numbers from DeBolt & District Pioneer Museum.

Date: 1935-[1955] (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The subseries consists of two Romanian passports for the two Elaschuk brothers, Peter and Constantine; an immigration certificate for Constantine dated March 27, 1924; two 1928 Canadian Pacific Express Company receipts made out in Winnipeg for money sent home to Ivan Elaschuk in Bukowina, Roumania; a bank book from the Royal Bank in Grande Prairie from 1933-1939; a credit note from the Alberta Department of Municipal Affairs giving credit against taxes for doing road work in 1934, a 1943 letter sent from K. Elaschuk to his brother while he was in the Mental Hospital in Ponoka, Alberta; and eight photographs showing them as young men in Romania with their wives, dressed to travel to Canada; then as men with friends and in work camps in Canada.

Physical description: 2 cm textual records

8 photographs

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

•                Graphic material – photograph (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Alpha-numeric designations:

Numbers on the documents are accession numbers from DeBolt & District Pioneer Museum.

Date: 1997 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The subseries consists of an autobiography of Katherine Margaret Fehr tracing her life from 1916 to 1997.

Physical description: 1 cm textual records

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Alpha-numeric designations:

Numbers on the documents are accession numbers from DeBolt & District Pioneer Museum.

Date: [1945-1964] (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The subseries consists of a certificate of confirmation for Isabella May Lindsey from St. Paul’s United Church in Goodwin in 1945; a “Catechism with Order of Confirmation” from the Church of England, undated; and a “Co-op News” Magazine from 1964.

Physical description: 1 cm textual records

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Alpha-numeric designations:

Numbers on the documents are accession numbers from DeBolt & District Pioneer Museum.

Date: 1955-1980 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The subseries consists of a typed record of Mrs. Matlock’s teaching years, a cheque stub from her teacher’s salary (1955), a church envelope from Debolt United Church (1980), and a certificate from the Debolt Museum honoring her as “pioneer extraordinary” in 1980.

Physical description: 1 cm textual records

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Alpha-numeric designations:

Numbers on the documents are accession numbers from DeBolt & District Pioneer Museum.

Date: 1929-1966 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The subseries consists of Robert’s penmanship notebook (1930), a violin self-instruction music book, a Junior Red Cross Health Game record (1929), a 1970 booklet celebrating 38 years of the United Church in DeBolt, a package of Departmental Examinations for Grade 8 in 1929-1931, a written history of John Mehlum’s Log Barn built in the 1930s, and an Alberta Government Telephones booklet advertising multi-party service in 1966.

Physical description: 2 cm textual records

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Alpha-numeric designations:

Numbers on the documents are accession numbers from DeBolt & District Pioneer Museum.

Date: 1973 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The subseries consists of a copy of two page memoir of Edna’s early years as a nurse in the DeBolt area.

Physical description: 2 pp. textual records

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Alpha-numeric designations:

Numbers on the documents are accession numbers from DeBolt & District Pioneer Museum.

Date: 1919-1939 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The subseries consists of two 1919 report cards from Winchester High School, a 1932 telegram on the death of his wife, personal correspondence, score cards and clippings for prize-winning cheeses. There is also a letter addressed to K258434 AC2 Summers, MG in care of the RCAF in Edmonton.

Physical description: 1 cm textual records

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Alpha-numeric designations:

Numbers on the documents are accession numbers from DeBolt & District Pioneer Museum.

Two school reports of student grades from the Winchester High School for Sept/Oct and Nov/Dec.,1919. Garnet Summers was one of the students.

Date: 1940-1990 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The subseries consists of a notice of her funeral, an obituary photocopied from a newspaper, and a registration certificate for the electoral district #223 and Polling Division 54 in 1940.

Physical description: 1 cm textual records

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Alpha-numeric designations:

Numbers on the documents are accession numbers from DeBolt & District Pioneer Museum.

Date: 1974-1995 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The subseries consists of a copy of the eulogy for Ellis’s funeral and two letters from Alberta Lands and Forests concerning roadways affecting Williamson Provincial Park in 1974.

Physical description: 1 cm textual records

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Alpha-numeric designations:

Numbers on the documents are accession numbers from DeBolt & District Pioneer Museum.

Date: 1927-1992 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The series consists of paper artefacts preserved by the DeBolt and District Pioneer Museum Society. They include calendars from the Grande Prairie Garage Co. Ltd., Joe’s Corner Coffee Shop, and James Drug Store; programs for the DeBolt Stampede, Slave Lake Winter Games, and the opening of Red Willlow Lodge in Valleyview; Canadian Junior Red Cross certificates; and counter sales slips from the Crooked Creek General Store.

Physical description: 4 cm textual records

Access points:

•                Textual record (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

A 1953 calendar created by the Ford Motor Company in celebration of their 50th anniversary.

A 1957 red velvet calendar created for Joe’s Corner Coffee Shop and Pagoda Room with the story of the Mystery Beauty Birds which is the bird featured on the calendar.

Three Canadian Red Cross certificates recognizing the community of DeBolt for their efforts in canvassing for donations to the society.

A calendar cover for James Drug Store showing ducks lifting in flight.

Program for the opening of the Red Willow Lodge, Valleyview, September 11, 1978.

Program for the opening of the Red Willow Lodge, Valleyview, July 1936.

A collection of bills marked paid from the Crooked Creek General Store in 1953

Program of events for the Slave Lake Winter Games in February of 1992.

1990 Calendar containing the birthdays and anniversaries of members of the DeBolt Community. There is also a photo of the Firemen with the Firebelles and advertisements for DeBolt businesses.

A travel booklet describing the stops along the Alaska Highway from Dawson Creek to Fairbanks.

A soil survey of the Grande Prairie and Sturgeon Lake areas done by the Research Council of Alberta, Canada Department of Agriculture and the University of Alberta.

A description of the origins of names of places in Alberta with an accompanying map in the back.

Publication put out by the Dominion Experimental Farms under the direction of the Federal Department of Agriculture. It includes an article by W.D. Albright called, “Securing Good Germination in the Peace River District.”

A listing of the companies working in the Petroleum Industry in Western Canada in 1952, and a description of the work they are doing in different locations.

Program booklet for the 1st Annual Northwest Air Show held in Grande Prairie on June 18, 1961. The booklet includes several stories from aeronautic history in the Peace Country: “From a Wharf at Bear Lake to a $20,000,000 Airport”; “One of the Area’s First Mercy Flights”; History of the Grande Prairie Aero Club; and “Early Pilot’s Vital Role: Knights of Mercy on Wings.”

Date: 1950-1999 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The series consists of a series of 10 Alberta Road Maps from 1958-1983; Game Regulation maps from 1977-1981; and a tourism map showing early trails in Northern Alberta.

Physical description: 17 maps

Access points:

•                Cartographic material (documentary form)

Publication status:

Published

Land Ownership Map for the DeBolt area. Shows school bus route.

1:681,000

Scope and content:

Road map of British Columbia and Alberta printed in 1958.

1” = 28 miles

Scope and content:

Road map of Alberta printed by the Alberta Government in 1962. It includes some notes on tourist spots and general information for visitors to Canada.

1” = 35 miles

Scope and content:

Road map of Alberta and British Columbia distributed by Royalite Service Stations in 1968. It includes mini maps of the cities.

1:1,960,000

Scope and content:

Road map of Alberta and British Columbia distributed by Esso Service Stations in 1970.

Road map of Alberta distributed by the Alberta Government in 1972. It includes notes on historic sites and tourist stops.

1” = 25 miles

Scope and content:

Road map of Alberta distributed by the Alberta Government in 1973. It includes notes on historic sites and tourist stops.

1” = 25 miles

Scope and content:

Road map of Alberta distributed by the Alberta Government in 1974. Topographical map with historic sites and tourist stops on reverse side.

1” = 25 miles

Scope and content:

Road map of Alberta distributed by the Alberta Government in 1977. Tourist information and mileage charts on reverse side.

1 : 1,500,000

Scope and content:

Road map of Alberta distributed by the by Travel Alberta for the 75th Anniversary in 1980. Tourist information and mileage charts on reverse side.

1: 1 500 000

Scope and content:

Road map of Alberta distributed by the by Travel Alberta in 1983. Tourist information and mileage charts on reverse side.

1” = 20 miles

Scope and content:

Natural map of Alberta showing creeks, lakes and rivers and only the major highways. Map is sectioned to show what kind of hunting and vehicles are allowed. Big Game Regulations on reverse of map.

1” = 20 miles

Scope and content:

Natural map of Alberta showing creeks, lakes and rivers and only the major highways. Map is sectioned to show what kind of hunting and vehicles are allowed. Big Game Regulations on reverse of map.

1” = 20 miles

Scope and content:

Natural map of Alberta showing creeks, lakes and rivers and only the major highways. Map is sectioned to show what kind of hunting and vehicles are allowed. Big Game Regulations on reverse of map.

1” = 20 miles

Scope and content:

Natural map of Alberta showing creeks, lakes and rivers and only the major highways. Map is sectioned to show what kind of hunting and vehicles are allowed. Bird Game Regulations on reverse of map.

1” = 20 miles

Scope and content:

Natural map of Alberta showing creeks, lakes and rivers and only the major highways. Map is sectioned to show what kind of hunting and vehicles are allowed. Big Game Regulations on reverse of map.

Basic map of Alberta showing the St. Albert Trail, the Landing Trail to Athabasca, the Peace Trail and the Klondike Trail. Text re the history of each trail is on the reverse side.

Date: [ca. 1905]-2006 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The series consists of 635 historical photographs and 1068 negatives produced from historical photographs gathered from a variety of families and individuals, primarily for use in the various publications produced by the DeBolt and District Pioneer Museum, and 385 negatives of old buildings in the Goodwin, DeBolt, Crooked Creek, and Clarkson Valley/Sturgeon Heights areas.

Physical description: 635 photographs

1453 negatives

Access points:

•                Graphic material (documentary form)

•                Graphic material – photograph (documentary form)

Arrangement:

The series is divided into two subseries: General Files and Old Building Project.

Publication status:

Published

Date: [ca. 1905]-2006 (date of creation)

Scope and content:

The subseries consists of photographs and negatives produced from photographs. The images were gathered from a variety of families and individuals, primarily for use in the various publications produced by the DeBolt and District Pioneer Museum ( “Across the Smoky”, “Bridges to the Past”, “Edson to Grande Prairie Trail”, and “DeBolt Country Club and Agricultural Society 60th Anniversary Book”).

Physical description: 635 photographs

1068 negatives

Access points:

•                Graphic material (documentary form)

•                Graphic material – photograph (documentary form)

Arrangement:

The subseries is divided into two files: General – Negatives and General – Photographs to reflect how the images were originally maintained. There is some overlap of images between the two files.

Publication status:

Published

The file consists of negatives produced from historical photographs gathered from a variety of families and individuals, primarily for use in the various publications produced by the DeBolt and District Pioneer Museum: “Across the Smoky”, “Bridges to the Past”, “Edson to Grande Prairie Trail”, and “DeBolt Country Club and Agricultural Society 60th Anniversary Book”.

Conditions governing use:

Because these images appear to have been produced from photographs used in books, the quality is variable and in many cases not suitable for reproduction. In some cases, the original photographs are held by other institutions, including the Glenbow and the Provincial Archives of Alberta. To use these photographs, contact the relevant institution.

Phyllis, Leslie, and Jim Airth with Emma Altenhof outside a building. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 135.

A group photograph of the Jim Airth and Guy Clarke families. Back row, left to right: Murt Williscroft, Eileen Clarke, Guy Clarke, Olga Clarke, Jim Airth, and Phyllis Airth. Front row, left to right: Carol Clarke, Leslie Airth, Fay Clarke, Wilbert Airth, and Don Clarke. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 136.

Jim Airth and his children Wilbert, Arlene, and Leslie. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 136.

Lorice Weegar and Jack Andrews standing in a meadow. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 211.

Ort Belford (left) and Leo Holcombe (right) walking down a city street. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 64.

Cora Benedick (left), a DeBolt teacher, and Virginia DeBolt (right) standing beside a body of water. Cora is holding an animal. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 292.

Jack Birnie-Browne in the bush. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 266.

Mrs. Aileen Birnie-Browne, with her two youngest children, Elaine and Jimmy. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 267.

Richard Nicholas Bickell (father of Laura DeBolt and John Bickell) standing beside a car. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 66.

Elmer Boe (left) with Kenneth Porter, the teacher at Mountain Springs School. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 300.

Gust Boe bringing in the sheaves. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 137.

Helmer Larson, Art Boe, Elmer Boe, and Sig Welander shortly before the group left Minnesota for DeBolt. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 137.

Gust Boe’s daughters. Left to right: Lorraine, Opal, Alice, Edna, Cora, and Eleanor. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 137.

Elmer Boe and his wife Elma (nee McRae). The Gust Boe home is visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 138.

Mrs. Gust Boe sitting on the grass with two of her daughters, Lorraine and Cora.

Scott and Leota Bower with their granddaughter Elva. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 177.

Goldie Bower holding her daughter Elva in front of the Bowers’ first home.

Harold and Mattie (nee Good) Bowman standing outside. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 44.

Marlene and Wayne Bowman, the children of Harold and Mattie (nee Good) Bowman. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 44.

John Broman outside of a building. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 137.

Len Broomfield sitting on a couch. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 51.

The wedding of Harry and Kay Burgess, held in Barrie, Ontario. Harry came to DeBolt in 1932, but only stayed 10 years, leaving before his marriage. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 212.

Sven Carlson (left) and John Calliou (right) on horseback at Simonette, herding cattle for George Fraser. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 94.

The Carlsons and Frakes in winter, left to right: Katherine Carlson, Sven Carlson, Bob Frakes, Jean Frakes, and Pat Frakes. Sven and Bob are displaying a wolf pelt taken by the Carlsons and Jean and Pat Frakes are sitting on a dog sled. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 94.

The Cavett family, left to right: Gladys, Frank, Hazel, Ottie, and Charlotte, at Sturgeon Heights with a house in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 68.

Arthur Chambers visiting the Joe Taylor home. Arthur was known as Tiny Tim since he was 6’7” or 6’8” inches tall. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 94.

Left to right: Elbert DeBolt, Arthur Chambers (Tiny Tim), and Dale Debolt. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 94.

The Charney Family: Jack and Becky, their children Joyce, Don, and Norman, and Jack’s brother Steve (in uniform). Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 139.

Left to right: Bob Cure, Mrs. Bob Cure, Joyce Charney, and Jack Charney. Front, left to right: Don Charney and Norman Charney. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 139.

Clarke family enroute from High Prairie to Simonette in March 1936. Left to right: Don, Fay, Eileen, and Olga Clarke, and Hank Williscroft. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 244.

Guy Clarke and his children, (left to right) Morton, Don, Fay, Carole, and Eileen, having a picnic beside a wagon. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 245.

Tom and Ann Clegg outside in winter. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 96.

Left to right, Jack, Carol, Loretta, and Tommy Clegg. Carol and Loretta are Tommy Clegg’s daughters. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 96.

Jack and Jean Clegg at Williamson Cabins, Sturgeon Lake. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 96.

Mrs. Clegg in the doorway of a building at Sturgeon Lake. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 97.

F. W. Clegg (left) and H. McMillan (right) from Sexsmith, taken by Alex Williamson’s cabins, Sturgeon Lake. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 96.

Barney Cross in front of a sleigh loaded with logs. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 140.

Bert and Doreen Crowe with their pumpkin crop. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 12.

Eric Dalen at the Crooked Creek homestead. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 179.

Jens Dalen with a deer, following a successful hunt. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 179.

Jens and Eric Dalen and Annie Glaubitz beside an airplane at Jens’ airstrip at Crooked Creek. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 179.

John Dascalo and Jim Quickfall outside of a log building. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 141.

George and Virginia DeBolt standing in a field with a dog. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 26.

Left to right: Elbert, Virginia, Laura, Jack, Winnie, and Dale DeBolt at the Turners’ on Easter Sunday 1925. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 26.

Left to right: Elbert, Dale, Jack, Laura, Dorothy, and Winnie DeBolt. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 26.

Elbert and Laura DeBolt with their children, Winnie, Dorothy, Dale, Jack, Clifford, Frances, and Georgia. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 27.

Wedding of Aaron Derksen and Gertrude Plante at the Holy Rosary Parish of DeBolt and Crooked Creek. Attendants are Tony Kramps and Estelle Diemert. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 310.

Aaron and Gertrude (nee Plante) Derksen with their son Alphonse on their homestead (formerly the Plante homestead). Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 253.

Duane Diemert, Leonard Kramps, Paul Diemert, Cecilia Kramps, Anita Diemert, and Charlotte Kramps at the wedding of Paul and Cecilia. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 311.

Alice Dodd in front of a line of vehicles bound for the homestead. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 143.

Alice Dodd and her sons Rusty and Alan getting a Christmas tree with horses and sleigh. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 143.

Left to right: Dorothy Doerkson, Pete Doerkson Sr., Jake Doerkson, Ray and Mary Hauff (Mary is the daughter of Peter and Catherina Doerkson), Catherina Doerkson, and three Hauff children. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 72.

Mr. and Mrs. John T. Duerksen and other members of the family standing in front of a vertical log building. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 74.

Pat Dwyer outside of his home. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 144.

Adelaide Enns on their pony Rosie on the homestead. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 146.

A. H. Enns, his son Edwin, and Edwin’s wife Lena (nee Rieger). The Enns family’s first home in Crooked Creek is visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 146.

Harvey Farrell in the doorway of his log cabin home. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 221.

Frank Hanson (left) and Harvey Farrell. The two men are standing outside, possibly near a pump. Harvey is holding a tea kettle. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 221.

A studio portrait of Mrs. Mary Fehr and her daughters Katherine and Anna. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 76.

A studio portrait of Jake Fehr and his sons (left to right) Jake, Ben, and Ernie. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 76.

Mrs. Fair with two of her children, Bill and Margaret, outside of a house in winter. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 52.

George Fish with snowshoes. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 214.

Bob and Lou Frakes with Mrs. Frakes Sr. seated in front of them. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 214.

Bob Frakes entertaining at the Sturgeon Lake sports with his trick roping skills. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 215.

Bob Frakes holding fish caught at Side Lake. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 215.

Left to right: Bob Frakes, Clara Frakes, Lou Frakes, Elaine Carlson, and Swede (Swen) Carlson in the box of sleigh at the Frakes ranch on the Simonette. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 93.

John Gallagher standing outside a door. He lived in the hamlet of DeBolt for many years and was sometimes known as “the mayor of DeBolt.” Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 46.

Left to right: Elbert DeBolt, G. Moorehead, Lily Given, Georgina Given, Bob Given, Albert Given, and George Given on and beside horses. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 101.

Mrs. Elizabeth and Georgina Given on the steps of William’s cabins at Sturgeon Lake. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 101.

Left to right: Charlotte Bickell, Bob Given, Georgina Given, Wesley Given, George Given, and Lily Given. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 102.

Annie Glaubitz in front of a car. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 103.

Bill Glaubitz in front of a car. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 102.

Herb Glaubitz holding up the carcass of a chicken thief (bird of prey). A car is visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 103.

Alex and Frances Goodland outside their home with their dog. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 248.

Alex Goodland hauling a Christmas tree for the school by horse-drawn sleigh. The Goodland home is visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 248.

Frances Goodland feeding their dog. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 248.

Frances Goodland with her pet colt and dog. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 248.

Dave Goodwin (left) and Frank Stevenson (right) standing beside a buggy. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 10.

George DeBolt (left) and Dave Goodwin (right). Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 10.

John Parke “Jack” Grant and his wife Lillian. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 55.

(Left to right) Jean Griffiths, Frank Griffiths, Betty Sutley, Glenn Sutley, Jean Sutley, Ben Sutley, and Cannon Tufts sitting on a bench in the woods. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 148.

Gerald “Snooks” and Betty Groves, having just completed 600 miles from near Grande Prairie to Champion. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 216.

Left to right: Betty Groves, Mrs. Grant, Terry Morrison, Lee Groves, and Leslie Riding with two dogs harnessed to a sled on main street DeBolt. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 216.

The Snooks (Gerald) Groves family at Sturgeon Lake, posed in front of a car. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 216.

Alva Gunby and his children at home on Easter Sunday, 1936. Left to right, Mary Lou, Dawn, (William) Alva, and Jerry Gunby. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 235.

Grandma Crotty (Mrs. William), her grandson Willie Harrington, and an unidentified girl. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 28.

Dave Harrington with the Harrington dog, Bennie. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 29.

Willie Harrington with the Harrington dog, Bennie. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 29.

J. L. Harrington and his daughter Josephine sitting on a bench, perhaps on their homestead at Sturgeon Heights. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 29.

A photograph of the Hauff family, presumably including parents Christian and Susanna, daughters Amanda, Melita, Miryon, Dora, and Rosa, and sons Raymond and Martin. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 104.

Members of the Hauff and Doerkson families gathered for a formal occasion. Raymond Hauff had married Mary Doerkson in May 1933. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 104.

The first motorcycle in the area, owned by Leo Holcombe. The motorcycle, a 1922 Harley Davidson, is parked in front of a log building. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 105.

Leo Holcombe in front of his homestead shack. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 105.

Tom Hubert playing his accordion in Jasper Park. Tom was a bachelor who left his estate to the community. Consequently, he has a park in DeBolt named after him. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 272.

Ella Hughes, carrying a stack of books and pictures and a lunch pail, crossing Clarkson Creek. Ella was the first teacher at Cornwall School. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 301.

Alberta and Ruth Hughson, daughters of James and Emily Hughson, standing beside a car and a frame building. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 150.

Jim Hughson with son Owen, daughters Ruth Moore and Alberta, and granddaughter Dorothy Moore. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 151.

Owen Hughson seated beside his sister Alberta, who is holding their niece, Dorothy Moore. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 151.

Jim Hughson with his grandchildren Marion, Margaret, and Gary Knox, children of his daughter Alberta, beside a car. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 151.

Marian Quickfall and Kathleen and Matilda Jantz. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 256.

Peter Jantz family celebrating Peter and Katherine Jantz’s 50th wedding anniversary. Children include Martha Jobson (front left), Matilda Macklin, Kathleen GIllies, Anna Purves, Ella Duncan, Mary, Sam, and Mable Gunter. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 256.

A celebration in honour of Douwe Knobbe’s 50th Anniversary. Left to right, Evelyn Knobbe holding Peter, Rudolph Knobbe, Jack McDonald, Bert Crowe, Douwe Knobbe, August Kirner, Anna Knobbe, Margaret Lindsay, Doreen Crowe, Lillian Kirner, Mary Henry, and maybe a Lindsay child. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 16.

A group of ladies at the Knobbes’ house. Left to right, Mrs. William Moody, Mrs. Douwe Knobbe, Mrs. Goetmaker, Marta Dedolph (teacher), Alida Moody and Ernie, and two unidentified. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 16.

Ann Mix, Darwin School teacher, and Pete Knox at the log house the Knox brothers were building for L. McArthur. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 109.

The children of Pete and Alberta Knox. Back row, left to right: Marion, Gary, and Margaret. Front row, left to right: Ila, Heather, and Arlene. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 109.

Tony Kramps and Caroline Miller in a snowy field. The two were married in 1936. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 110.

Back row, left to right: Luke Dwyer, Mrs. Joe Miller, Betty McLane, Ruth Logan, Caroline Kramps, and Mrs. M. Thompson. Front row, left to right: Marlene Thompson, Sonny Thompson, Martin Thompson, Bob Kramps, Joe Miller, Jerry Kramps, Carol Clegg, Tom Clegg, and Harry Logan. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 111.

Tony Kramps and Mel Tallon at the Tallon homestead. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 111.

The Lathwell brothers (left to right), Harry, Charles, Edward, George, and William. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 187.

The Lathwell family, Bill, Emily, and Bobby, on their homestead. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 152.

Bill LaValley standing with Dorothy DeBolt (left) and Alberta Hughson (right). Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 16.

Left to right, Carl Lenes, Alfred Lind, Alma Lenes, Bernard Lenes, and Gertrude Lind standing in front of a car. Gertrude is the daughter of Carl and Alma Lenes. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 153.

Bill Leonard standing in front of a doorway. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 52.

The Lewis and visitors at their Sturgeon Heights home. Front row, left to right: Jack Lewis, Beverly Bare (a visitor), and Cecil Lewis. Back row, left to right: a visitor, Fred Lewis and Mary Lewis. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 239.

Seated, left to right: Fred Lewis and Jack Lewis, teacher at Sturgeon Heights school, with Cecil Lewis standing behind them and Sandy the dog on the ground in front. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 240.

Alfred and Gertrude Lind seated on a car bumper. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 154.

The Alfred and Gertrude Lind farm at Goodwin. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 154.

Ed Lebinski working with logs on his homestead north of Sturgeon Heights. A couple of buildings are visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 239.

The wedding of Fred Loewen and Margaret Quickfall. Left to right: Fred, Margaret, Art Loewen, and unknown (likely Della Quickfall, Jean Quickfall, and Jim Quickfall). Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 223.

Gathering at Bickell’s Mill on New Year’s Day. Big Slim (Fred Kowalik), Jean and Jim Quickfall, Marion and Margaret Loewen, Frank Quickfall, Kennie and Fred Loewen, and the Loewen children. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 224.

Jean Loewen and Jimmy Jackson outside of the Crooked Creek Co-op Store. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 224.

Leonard and Olive Martel in a baby carriage in Grande Prairie. A house and possible Montrose School are visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 52.

A group at the Martel homestead. Left to right, Mr. and Mrs. Frank Crummy and son, Mr. Edeas Martel and children Clara and Leonard (sitting), and Olive Martel sitting in the lap of an unidentified lady from Grande Prairie. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 53.

Left to right: Leonard, Olive, Edward, and Amanda (seated) Martel at the Sturgeon Lake Mission. The four oldest Martel children attended the Mission school after the death of their father. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 53.

Some of the Martel family, left to right: Olive, Edward, Anne, Henry, and Mrs. Edeas Martel, beside a horse. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 53.

Belle and Albert Matlock outside their homestead house. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 155.

The Matlock family, perhaps gathered for the wedding of Barbara Matlock and Ellis Turner. Left to right: Ellis and Barbara Turner, Albert and Belle Matlock, Eula and Jim Miller, and Lucille, Dean, Donald, and Harold Matlock. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 156.

James “Jim” Preston Matlock seated beside a tree. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 157.

Mrs. Maude Matlock, Joyce Bleumenchine, and Eva Matlock (or alternately E. Matlock, I. Bleumenchine, and baby Joyce). Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 157.

Wade and Jimmy Matlock in front of their cabin. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 80.

Studio portrait of Mr. and Mrs. D. D. McArthur, likely in Vancouver. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 17.

Malcolm McArthur (left) and Willie Harrington (right) at a table outside a building. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 18.

Robert Mehlum, Dorothy DeBolt, Ove Nielsen, and Ed Mehlum standing in a field. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 32.

Joe and Theresa Miller at their homestead in winter. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 242.

Ann and Caroline Miller on the bridge they built. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 240.

Ann Miller in front of the Miller cabin. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 241.

Left to right, Havey Farrell, Caroline and Ann Miller, and Bill Parker posed outside in winter. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 241.

Left to right, Ann Miller, Pearl Weber, and Caroline Miller home from a hunt. The women are standing with a moose carcass in front of a log cabin. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 241.

Caroline Miller and Bub Tallon on the Tallon homestead in winter. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 227.

Left to right, William, Ron, Harriet, and Reg Moody. The photograph is taken outside and there is a barn visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 33.

Reg, Alida, and Ernie Moody at home in winter. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 34.

Four generations of the Moody family. Left to right, William, Reg, Ernie, Grandma Moody (William’s mother), and Elsie (in carriage). The group is posed in front of a car. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 34.

Left to right, Bob, Ron, William Sr., Reg, Harriet, William Jr., and Ernest (front). Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 35.

Charlie Moore and his sons Maurice and Marvin in the first clover crop. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 118.

Left to right: Norman, Charlie, Marvin, Brian, Vernon, Grandma Laura DeBolt, Maurice, Winnie, and Lynda Moore outside a house. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 119.

Ivan and Gladys Morrison, likely taken when the Morrisons were on vacation. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 158.

Ian and Terry Morrison, sons of Ivan and Gladys, on bicycles. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 158.

Jack Harris and Charlie Moore in front of Charlie’s first cabin. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 116.

Winnie and Maurice Moore at the Moores’ first homestead on the Harper Creek road. They are sitting on the porch of a log home. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 117.

Dorothy Moore, daughter of Tom and Ruth, on a horse. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 117.

Clyde and Eva Matlock in their garden. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 113.

Clyde Matlock with his granddaughter beside a house. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 113.

Eva Matlock standing beside a house. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 113.

Left to right, Robert Mehlum, Mrs. Martinson, John Martinson, and Pearl Mehlum in front of the Martinson home at Goodwin. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 56.

Left to right: Anna, Amanda, Mrs. Edeas Martel, Henry, Edward, Leonard, and Olive Martel beside a car. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 56.

George Fish and Fred Mabbutt, holding a jug. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 60.

Dr. Neilson, Fred Surtees, and Bill Dodd outside of a log cabin. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 247.

Joe Newman, a fireman on the Northern Alberta Railways, posed beside an engine at the finish of his last run (Rycroft to Dawson Creek) before his retirement in 1953. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 10.

Back, left to right: George, Roy, and Violet Nelms, holding Joyce. Front, left to right: Margaret Nelms and cousin Joan Mitchell. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 220.

Helmer Nystrom, at the age of 84, still doing carpenter work. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 159.

Left to right: Muriel Nowry, Virginia DeBolt, Ellis Turner, Annie Nowry, and Dorothy Nowry. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 54.

Ray and Jean Pellerin with their sons Harvey, Ernest, and James, in front of the Bert Preace shack with a dirt floor and roof. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 191.

Ray Pellerin with his sons Harvey, Ernest, and James, and Tom Mould. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 191.

The Pellerin garden covered in snow in August 1935. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 191.

Reg Perkins outside of a house. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 82.

Left to right: Bill and Sue Perkins, Rose and Doris (visitors), Mary, Rosemary, and Art Tomlin, and Ernie Perkins. Seated is Reg Perkins. The group is standing in front of a house. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 83.

Bill Perkins Jr. in the garden outside a house. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 83.

Carl W. Pettersson standing outside a cabin with loaves of bread in his hands. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 121.

Walter and Margaret Peterson standing in a field. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 22

Left to right: Florence, Mrs. Alphonse Plante, Alphonse Plante, and Gertrude Plante. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 251.

Jim Platt and Violet Jordan Platt standing in a field. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 14.

Left to right: Bill Parker, Florence Plante, Ella Hughes (teacher), and Gertrude Plante at the Plante home on a spring day. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 221.

Della Quickfall and her daughter Jean standing in a field. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 222.

Mr. and Mrs. Andrew B. Ratzlaff with son Jake, his wife Sarah and their family, and another son Ike, his wife Helen, and their family. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 84.

Left to right: Jim, Della, Jean, and Margaret Quickfall, and Dave and Willie Harrington. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 222.

Many members of the Ratzlaff family gathered posed outside of a house. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 84.

Grandma (Mrs. Andrew B.?) Ratzlaff with seven of her granddaughters beside a house. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 84.

Dave Ratzlaff and Melita Hauff on their wedding day, March 2, 1939. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 85.

Ester, Melita (nee Hauff), Rose-Ann, Dave, and Eva Ratzlaff outside of a house. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 85.

Back row, left to right: Anne (nee Kalman), Frank, and Gerald Ratzlaff. Front row, left to right: Charlotte, Elaine, Sandra, and RoseMary Ratzlaff. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 86.

Left to right Gerald, Rosemary, Charlotte, Elaine, and Sandra, children of Frank and Anne Ratzlaff, on the homestead. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 86.

John and Edith Riding standing in a field. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 61.

Threshing time at Ridings’. Left to right: Tom Klassen, Percy McFalls, Dale DeBolt, Jim Airth, Edith Riding, Rev. Roy Hicks, Leslie Riding, John Riding, and Elbert DeBolt. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 61.

John Rieger standing beside railway tracks. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 260.

Mr. and Mrs. William Melville Reynolds with dog Brownie in front of their home on Clarkson hill. The sign behind Mr. Reynolds advertises watch, clock, and jewelry repair. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 192.

Mr. and Mrs. William Melville Reynolds, Red and Saide Bekkeheim, and Dick Solomon in front of the Reynolds’ home on Clarkson hill. The sign on the far right advertises watch, clock, and jewelry repair. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 192.

Rose Robertson working in the garden. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 87.

Rose Robertson poses in front of some bushes. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 87.

Ridgevalley teachers Lillian Reid and Ruth Rogers. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 296.

Clara (nee Enns) and Bill Sargent outside their home. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 198.

Bill Sargent with his children, Fay and Ken. The Morrison-Sargent bus is visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 200.

Left to right: Jim Kenneway, Roy Scott, Arlene and Phyllis Airth, Mary and Bob Kenneway, and Nellie, Myrtle, and Gordon Scott. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 203.

Myrtle (nee Henry) and Fred Sedore sitting on a wagon frame a few days after their wedding in November 1931. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 126.

The Sedore and Weegar children in winter. Left to right: Rita Sedore, Earl Weegar, Harvey Weegar, Ernie Sedore, Bessie Sedore, Katherine Sedore, Delmer Weegar, and Lorice Weegar. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 127.

Fred Sedore and his children. Back row, left to right: Ernie, Rita, and Bessie. Front row, left to right: Margaret, Fred, and Stan Sedore. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 127.

Urias Sherk seated in a wicker rocking chair. Urias Sherk was the father of Violet Jordan Platt. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 48.

Jean Powell (left) and Vyda Sheets (right), the first teachers of the two room school at Ridgevalley. They are standing outside the cabin of Caroline and Tony Kramps, where they boarded. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 296.

Tom Starkey in the doorway of a cabin. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 128.

Tom Starkey in front of a cook tent north of DeBolt, likely while he was cooking for a crew of surveyors in the area. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 128.

Tom Starkey and Art Boe at an outdoor barber shop, possibly taken while Tom was cooking for a crew of surveyors. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 128.

Tom Starkey and a saddled horse outside a cabin in winter. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 129.

The Starkey family posed beside a truck. Left to right: Doris, Barbara, Christine, Tom, Margaret, and Doris Sr. Starkey. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 129.

Starkey and Doerkson girls carrying bouquets and wearing wreaths of flowers. Left to right, Christine and Doris Starkey, Elsie Doerkson, Margaret Starkey, and Liz Doerkson. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 129.

Frank and Edna Stevenson standing in a field. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 36.

Edna Stevenson with her two oldest sons, Frank Jr. and Bob, outside the family’s cabin. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 37.

Left to right: Edna, Edna Jr., Frank Jr., Marlene Bowman, Frank, Lloyd, Bob, and Alice Stevenson. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 37.

Mrs. Scott Bower, Scott Bower, Mrs. Nellie Fraser (visitor), Bill Sutherland, and Mrs. Sutherland in the garden. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 263.

Mel and Bub Tallon outside of their Beauty Salon in Santa Barbara, California. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 263.

Irene and Joe Taylor with their daughter Marion in front of their home in Crooked Creek. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 89.

Left to right: Marion and Phyllis Taylor, John Kramps, Nita Taylor, and Mary White at the DeBolt Sports Day. The group drove there with a horse and wagon. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 89.

Left to right: Annie Glaubitz, Emma James, and Tom James standing on the porch of a house. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 89.

Emma James and a grandson holding a cat stand in the garden beside a building. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 89.

Art and Mary Tomlin with daughters Rosemary, Laura, and Betty, and grandchildren in England. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 59.

Wilfred and Emma Trottier with their second-oldest daughter Emily beside a lake. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 244.

The Wilfred and Emma Trottier home, built in 1940. The couple standing outside the house is presumably the Trottiers. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 244.

Sam and Minnie Turner standing in a field in winter. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 40.

Left to right: Louis Voshall, Harry Oyler, and Fred Moreland, with Vernon Voshall and Billy Kirner in the wagon and a dog standing beside them. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 42.

Walter, Eric, and Margaret (nee Friesen) Walgren. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 168.

Margaret Walgren, Annie Glaubitz, and Marie Rooney standing in a field. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 168.

The Warren family’s first Christmas on their homestead: Jane, Norman, Harry, Dora, Jean, and Lawrence Warren. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 169.

The Warren family beside a body of water. Back row: Lawrence, Harry, Jane, and Dora. Front: Jean and Norma Warren. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 169.

Snooks Groves and Art Weatherby at the Weatherby cabin at Simonette flats. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 49.

The Weber family, Pearl, Irene, Cecil, and Edgar, leaving the south for the Peace River District in June 1933. Behind them is their Bennett wagon with a tent over it. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 230.

Left to right: Irene and Cecil Weber, schoolteacher (possibly Ella Hughes), and Pearl Weber outside of a log building. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 231.

The Weegar family and garden at DeBolt. Rupert and Hazel with their children Earl, Lorice, and Harvey. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 170.

Left to right: Mildred Anderson and Lorice, Delmar, Harvey, and Earl Weegar dressed in military costumes. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 170.

Left to right: Bill Leonard, Delmar Weegar, Hazel Weegar, Bill McKinley, Lorice Weegar, Frances Summack, and Harvey Weegar at the Weegars’. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 171.

Hazel Weegar, Lila Gunby, and children going to church at DeBolt in a horse-drawn wagon. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 171.

Adolph Weiss Sr. ready for the trapline. He is shown holding a pair of snowshoes with dogs bearing packs circling his feet. A barn and outbuildings are visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 205

Cora, Sigfred, and Wendell Welander in front of their home. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 131.

Sigfred Welander prepared for hunting with a gun and a dog. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 131.

Lottie and Herman Wendt with an unidentified child, possibly Bill Wendt. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 205.

Mary White, the first teacher at Ridgevalley, on horseback. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 297.

Portrait of Edgar Whitfield. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 133.

Mrs. Jack Wilburn and her daughter Jean. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 171.

Ed Wilburn outside a building. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 172.

Mr. and Mrs. Jack Wilburn, presumably inside of their home. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 172.

Mr. and Mrs. Tom Williams seated inside a house. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 173.

Left to right: Elmer Wilson, Alberta Kadey, and Ruth Wilson outside. Elmer is sawing wood. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 238.

Ruth Wilson playing a banjo and her brother, Elmer Wilson, playing a guitar. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 238.

Left to right: Jim, Patricia, Bob, and Ann Wilson on the Wilsons’ Cornwall homestead. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 233.

A group gathered on and beside a wagon composed of Jack Andrews and members of the Weegar (including Hazel, Earl, and Lorice) and Patterson (including Roy) families.

Scaffolding and some machinery is visible in this photograph of the starting stages of the construction of the Smoky River Bridge. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 348.

The first piers are up and some of the steel framework installed in this photograph of the construction of the Smoky River Bridge. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 348.

The first piers are up and some of the steel framework installed in this photograph of the construction of the Smoky River Bridge. A car and three men are shown in the foreground. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 348.

Two piers are up and some of the steel framework installed in this photograph of the construction of the Smoky River Bridge. Scaffolding is visible across the rest of the river. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 348.

The old ferry and the new bridge over the Smoky River on the day of the Smoky River Bridge opening. The ferry is loaded with people and vehicles and the bridge is lined with spectators. This may be the last ferry crossing the Smoky River. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 349.

The day of the Smoky River Bridge opening. The photograph shows a line of vehicles parked on one bank with crowds of people visible on and across the bridge. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 352.

A photograph of the Smoky River Bridge opening showing people crossing the bridge for the first time. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 353.

The Smoky River Bridge opening parade crossing the bridge. The photograph was taken from the ground where a large group of spectators has gathered (visible in the foreground). Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 350.

Indigenous people, some wearing regalia, lead the parade off the bridge at the Smoky River Bridge opening. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 350.

The Hudson’s Bay Company float in the Smoky River Bridge opening parade, featuring a canoe and several costumed men, including Paul Diemert. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 350.

The Hudson’s Bay Company float in the Smoky River Bridge opening parade, featuring a canoe and several costumed men, including Paul Diemert. The photograph is taken from the bridge. Spectators, cabins, tents, and cars are visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 351.

The DeBolt float in the Smoky River Bridge opening parade. (L to R) Margaret Starkey, Elvina Goldring, Noreen Coogan, and Dorothy Moore. The float is decorated with grain and clover blossoms and each girl has a wreath of clover in her hair. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 350 and in “DeBolt Country Club & Agricultural Society 60th Anniversary Book,” p. 42.

George Given stands beside the East of the Smoky Branch Canadian Legion float in the Smoky River Bridge opening parade. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 352.

The DeBolt float in the Smoky River Bridge opening parade featuring Margaret Starkey, Elvina Goldring, Noreen Coogan, and Dorothy Moore. The float is decorated with grain and clover blossoms and each girl has a wreath of clover in her hair. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 351.

The La Glace and District float in the Smoky River Bridge opening parade. The float was sponsored by the La Glace Board of Trade and featured a number of model buildings on a flat-bed trailer bulled by a truck. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 352.

Wilfred Yates with his team of oxen pulling a covered wagon in the Smoky River Bridge opening parade. The side of the wagon canvas reads “Grande Prairie or Bust”. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 352.

A horse-drawn stage coach with outriders in the Smoky River Bridge opening parade. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 351.

A horse-drawn stage coach in the Smoky River Bridge opening parade. The photograph is taken from the bridge. Spectators, cabins, tents, and cars are visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 351.

A view of a few of the floats in the Smoky Bridge Opening parade taken from the bridge. Spectators, cabins, tents, and cars are visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 351.

The Anglican Church float in the Smoky River Bridge opening parade. The float features a model log church on a wagon pulled by the Anglican Church Athabasca Diocese Sunday School Mission van. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 351.

Left to right: Steve, Bill, Jack, and Don Charney. The building on the right is Grey’s store and the first post office at Clarkson Valley. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 287.

An exterior view of the Ridgevalley Coop Cheese Factory located in Crooked Creek. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 288.

Donald Dierker’s team and wagon at the Ridgevalley Coop Cheese Factory located in Crooked Creek. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 288.

The feed chopping mill at DeBolt beside Morrison’s store, looking west. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 290.

(L-R) Dale DeBolt, Winnifred DeBolt, Dorothy DeBolt (alternately Jack DeBolt, Dorothy DeBolt, Margaret Jordan) and postmistress Laura DeBolt outside the DeBolt post office. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 27 and 285.

DeBolt’s first home and post office, built in 1920 and added to in 1927. This was the home of H. Elbert and Laura DeBolt. The foundation for a new house is visible in the foreground. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 289.

A view of DeBolt looking west. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 290.

A view of DeBolt looking east. The feed chopping mill and Morrison’s store are visible on the left. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 290.

James Platt in the doorway of the first Goodwin Post Office. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 286.

An Indigenous man and his dogsled team outside of McArthur’s store in Sturgeon Heights. The McArthurs also had a store in DeBolt. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 286.

A group of boys on a sled gathered outside the McArthur Store in DeBolt. Left to right, standing: Walter Peterson, Ernie Fehr, and Lorne McArthur. Sitting: Roderick McArthur and Angus McArthur. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 18.

People outside the McArthur Store at DeBolt in the winter of 1929. Jake Fehr and Miss Wilson are on horseback, Angus McArthur is standing in front of them, and Rod McArthur is seated on the sleigh behind him. To the left, unidentified customers chat. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 289.

Horses and sleighs outside of the McArthur Store and home in DeBolt. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 289.

D. D. McArthur and children at the Lake with a load of whitefish to sell. The McArthur store (at Sturgeon Heights?) is visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 18.

An exterior view of the Rod McArthur store in DeBolt. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 289.

An exterior view of Tom Moore’s blacksmith shop in DeBolt with his home visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 290.

An exterior view of the Morrison store in DeBolt with a truck parked outside and a car driving past. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 290.

An unidentified man working on the windows as the Morrison-Wilburn store is being built at Crooked Creek. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 172.

A group of men wait for the mail on the porch of Rooney’s Store and post office at Crooked Creek. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 286.

Les and Wilbert Airth holding a piglet. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 314.

One of the Birnie-Browne babies in the farmyard with a group of piglets. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 314.

Frances, Buddy (Walter), Ed, Anne, Don, Marjorie, and Jerry Birnie-Browne at their home. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 267.

Back: Ed, Frances, Aileen (mother), and Anne. Front: Marjorie, Jerry, Don and Buddy (Walter) Birnie-Browne at the Reynolds place. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 267.

Leota Wilburn (left) and Charlotte Bickell (right) standing outside in winter. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 66.

The Bickell and Wilburn children at Christmas 1936. Left to right: Ed and Don Wilburn, Richard and Roy Bickell, Leota and Jean Wilburn, Charlotte and Bob Bickell, and Evelyn Wilburn. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 66.

Left to right: Malcolm and Angus McArthur, and Clifford, Jack, and Dale DeBolt playing with a replica of a tandem outfit pulling a logging sleigh. The outfit was designed and built by Dale DeBolt using binder twine, haywire, and old pulleys. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 315.

A Clarke baby (perhaps Carole?), during the Depression. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 316.

Cornwall Creek children playing on the roof of the old Thompson shack. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 317.

The Given, Riding, and Stevenson children in a boat. A dock is visible in the background.

Left to right: Lorice Weegar, Mary Lou and Dawne Gunby, and Noreen Coogan holding puppies. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 313.

Margaret, Jean, and Marion Quickfall with their cats. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 313.

Left to right: Josie Harrington, Charlotte Cavett, Margaret Fair, Jean Quickfall, and Hazel Cavett with dogs in winter. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 314.

Left to right: Preston, Barbara, and Donald Matlock. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 156.

Robert Mehlum and Dale DeBolt in a homemade boat on Mehlum Creek. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 316.

Left to right: Elsie, Charles, and Ernest Moody seated on a blanket outside. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 34.

Maurice and Marvin Moore on a wagon box. These are Charlie and Winnie (nee DeBolt) Moore’s sons. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 316.

Maurice Moore riding a cow. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 314.

Left to right: Marvin Moore, Maurice Moore, and Otis Wolchyn playing on a log in the Simonette River. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 340.

Terry Morrison on the back of a dead deer propped up against a porch. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 313.

Margaret and Joyce Nelms on the pony Mable. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 220.

Jean Quickfall transporting a cat in a wheelbarrow. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 315.

Jean Quickfall on a sleigh being pulled by a dog. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 315.

Jean Quickfall standing with Tim and Marie McLane outside a house. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 260.

Marion and Margaret Quickfall with some of the Diemert and Bayley children sitting on a pile of lumber. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 92.

Buddy (Reg Jr.) and Shirley Reynolds playing on swings on the homestead. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 314.

Roy Scott as a small boy. The photograph was likely taken before the family arrived in the DeBolt area. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 202.

One of the McArthur boys riding a stick horse by Sturgeon Lake. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 314.

Joan, Bill, Linda, and Valerie Turner, children of Ellis and Barbara Turner, standing beside a house and a car. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 41.

Back row, left to right: Frank Diemert, Emma Ringle, Wilfred Ringle, Ann Miller, Theresa Miller, Joe Miller, Roy Ringle, and Tony Kramps. Front row, left to right: Duane, Paul, Anita, Estelle, Joan, Peter, Danny, and Matilda Diemert, and Ruth Ringle. The priest is likely Rev. N. Roue. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 308.

The interior chancel/altar area of the Catholic Church at Crooked Creek. It appears to be decorated for Christmas. The first service was held in the church in 1942 and it was blessed in 1946 under the name of “The Holy Rosary Parish of DeBolt and Crooked Creek.” Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 309.

The 1942 Catechism Class from Holy Rosary Catholic Church, Crooked Creek. The class was held August 18 to 24 and taught by Father Beaucage and two Sisters of Providence from Sturgeon Lake. The catechumens included McLean, Diemert, and other children. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 309.

The 1943 Catechism Class from Holy Rosary Catholic Church, Crooked Creek. The class was held August 8 to 15 and taught by Father Tetreault and Sisters of Providence from Sturgeon Lake. The photograph shows the Sisters, Father Giguene, and McLane, Diemert, Bayley, Clegg, and Kramps children. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 309.

A Catechism or Confirmation Class from Holy Rosary Catholic Church, Crooked Creek. Back row: Jerry Kramps, Dan and Bill McLane, and Tommy Diemert. Second row: Father Thomas, Carol Clegg, Marie Ringle, Willard Logan, Bob Kramps, unknown, and Father Tetrault. Front row: Loretta Clegg, Lucille Ringle, and Eugene and Joe Kramps. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 310.

A group of women assembled outside Monica Hink’s home for a Catholic Women’s League (The Holy Rosary Parish of DeBolt and Crooked Creek) meeting. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 310.

The first confirmation held at the new Holy Rosary Parish of DeBolt and Crooked Creek Church. Those pictured include: Bishop Guy and godparents, Pat Rooney, Emma Sheltreau, Gladys Renspie, Wava Hankins, Patricia O’Keefe, Anita Diemert, Estelle Diemert, Joan Diemert, Ruth McLane, June McLane, Duane Diemert, Pete Diemert, Gerald McLane, Mike McLane, Stan Gerwatoski, Anne Clegg, and Matilda Diemert. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 310.

A group of young people at Cornwall, connected to Cornwall Mennonite Brethren Church. The group is gathered outside of a building. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 312.

A Sunday School group from Cornwall Mennonite Brethren at Garnet Summers’ home. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 312.

Early settlers in the Cornwall district, possibly connected to the Cornwall Mennonite Brethren, gathered at Cornwall School. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 312.

The Dedication of the Cornwall Mennonite Brethren Church. The photograph shows the exterior of the church building, groups of congregants, and parked vehicles. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 312.

DeBolt United Church Sunday School, taught by Mrs. Virginia DeBolt at her home. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 305.

DeBolt United Church Sunday School class. Back row, left to right: Elvina Goldring, Lola Matlock, Charlotte Cavett, unknown, Shirley McArthur, Rosalie Matlock, unknown, Gail Matlock, Alice Stevenson, and Charlie Hornstra. Front row, left to right: Marvin Moore, Terry Morrison, Lloyd Stevenson, Maurice Moore, Larry McArthur, and Edna Stevenson. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 306.

A group gathered on the steps of St. Paul’s Anglican Church, Goodwin. The photograph includes Rev. Thorpe, Mrs. Fred Munro, Tom Munro, Willie Munro, Alice Munro, Mrs. A. Lind, Dwayne Lind, Mrs. Dowling, June Dowling, Mrs. MacDonald, Janet McDonald, Fin McDonald, Bob McDonald, Alex McDonald, and Mr. McDonald, Alex Goodland, Frances Goodland, Mrs. Doreen Crowe, Cherry Crowe, Clyde Crowe, Marion Crowe, and Miss Gudlaugson, a teacher. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 307.

The first wedding at St. Paul’s Anglican Church, Goodwin. Left to right: Rev. Thorpe, Harry Warren, Jane Warren, Bert Nicholson, Jean Nicholson (nee Warren), Norma Warren, and Rev. Jones. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 307.

The first confirmation at St. Paul’s Anglican Church, Goodwin. Left to right: Rev. Thorpe (first priest), Arlene Lenes, Helen Dowling, and Bishop Souvereign. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 308.

Frances and MaryAnn Goodland with Miss Elborne in a wagon outside of St. Paul’s Anglican Church, Goodwin. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 308.

Families gathered beside the Anglican Sunday School van at Clarkson Valley School. Mrs. Bartel is shown on the far left. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 306.

Jerry Gunby breaking land with a steel wheel tractor. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 236.

Breaking the land on the Mehlum homestead using a team of four horses. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 325.

David Ratzlaff breaking land with a steel wheel tractor breaking outfit. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 325.

Bill Glaubitz and the Vic Laroche family, a brushing crew. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 325.

Garfield Thorpe clearing land with a cat. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 326.

Pernille (Pearl) and Robert Mehlum feeding calves. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 31.

Fred Griffiths’ barn with hay in the loft and cattle outside. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 148.

Dave and Willie Harrington with two calves in a snowy yard. A few buildings are visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 326.

Mrs. Della Quickfall with pigs and cattle on the Harrington farm. Several buildings are visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 326.

Reg Robertson and a team of horses feeding cattle. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 87.

Snooks Groves and Sven Carlson with a wagon at Harper Creek while moving cattle to Simonette. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 93.

A photograph showing five men on horseback at a camp at Smoky River where they stopped while moving cattle to Simonette. A camp stove and wagon are visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 93.

Frakes, Fraser, and Ratzlaff cattle fording the Smoky River. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 341.

Frakes and Fraser cattle fording the Smoky River. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 341.

A herd of cattle at the Simonette River in winter. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 326.

Carlsons driving the Fraser herd of cattle from the Simonette River to Kleskun Lake. The photograph was taken near Sedore’s at the Big Smoky River. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 326.

Bob Frakes on his mount Shadow watches over a herd of cattle at their summer range on the Simonette. The cattle are mostly the Frasers’ from Teepee Creek. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 327.

A picnic along the Smoky Flats during blueberry picking time. The photograph shows Reg Crowe and others. A car is visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 319.

Mrs. Irene Taylor and Mrs. Anna Bronson and daughters in a wagon on a berry picking trip. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 319.

John and Ed Mehlum harvesting with a horse-drawn binder. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 329.

Annie Glaubitz seated atop a load of bundles in a trailer being towed by a tractor. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 102.

Piled stooks in a field illustrating a bountiful harvest in the DeBolt area. The printed caption reads, “A few scenes from the fertile DeBolt Dist. near Grand Prairie, Alberta. Here the soil yields abundantly and the climate the finest in the Northwest.” Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 328.

George Fish bringing in the sheaves. The sheaves a piled on a wagon pulled by a team of two horses. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 328.

Charlie Moore with a tractor and early combine, the first combine in the area. Maurice and Marvin Moore stand nearby. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 330.

John Gallagher (left) and Walter Peterson (right) standing in a clover crop. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 47.

Dick and Hugh Lindsey checking the crop. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 257.

Mrs. Christian (Susanna) Hauff standing behind a pile of produce, including pumpkins and squash. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 319

D. D. McArthur cutting oats with two horses and a binder on his Sturgeon Lake homestead. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 328.

Mrs. Jean Griffiths and Mrs. Mae Hankins with an oat crop in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 148.

Philip Flath stooking on Givens’ north field. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 185.

Threshing on the bowers farm using a machine powered by a tractor engine. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 329.

Bill Dodd, Stan Dodd, Ed Renspie, and Robert Mehlum stack threshing at the Dodd farm. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 329.

The Joe Newman threshing crew and a hand feed separator. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 328.

Ray and Harvey Pellerin threshing with a hand fed machine powered by a Model A Ford car. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 330.

A threshing crew using a machine powered by a tractor. A team of horses pulling a loaded hay wagon and a large stack of chaff are also visible. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 330.

Reg Crowe standing in his wheat field. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 11.

A view of the Bickell farm including the house, a car, and several outbuildings. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 66.

A view of two houses and a few outbuildings on the Birnie-Browne homestead. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 267.

A view of the house, yard, an outbuilding, and a flock of chickens on Bert Crowe’s homestead. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 11.

A view of the house, barn, and outbuildings on the Dierker homestead in winter. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 181.

Left to right: F. W. Clegg, a friend, and J. H. Clegg by the Simonette River while looking for land. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 95.

Jean and Fred Griffiths standing beside a building on their homestead with a pair of horses. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 148.

Jean Griffiths standing beside water from the flooded Clarkson Creek. Buildings and a car, presumably on the Griffiths’ homestead, are visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 345.

A view of Charlie Lathwell’s Homestead showing log cabin, tent, a team of horses, and Edward Lathwell. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 187.

View of D. D. McArthur homestead taken from out on the Lake. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 17.

Arriving in Fairview after a six week trip from Fairholme, Saskatchewan by wagon train. (L-R) Wilfred Murphy, Adreine Emil, Margaret Murphy, Tillie Nault, Bill Daniels, Jim Owens, and Gwen Tavender. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 270.

The Owens and company wagon train, including four loaded horse-drawn wagons, ready to head for the Peace country. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 269.

The Plante homestead when they arrived in 1938. A house, tent, and outbuilding are visible. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 251.

The barn on the Alphonse Plante farm. There is a dog is the foreground. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 251.

A view of the Sargent homestead on Harper Creek, including a house and outbuildings. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 198.

Walter Thew building a dam in the coulee using teams of horses. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 251.

A barn on the Welander homestead. A couple of outbuildings are also visible. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 131.

Willie Harrington after a successful goose hunt. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 28.

Dave Ratzlaff bringing in meat by horse-drawn sleigh, in winter. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 28.

Harvey Farrell sitting on a moose outside a cabin with (left to right) Anne Miller, Bill Parker, and Caroline Miller standing behind him. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 319.

Vern Sederstrom with a moose shot by Annie Glaubitz. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 103.

Left to right: Joe Brinkman, Rupert Weegar, and Earl Weegar with pelts demonstrating the winter’s catch, at Joe Brinkman’s cabin. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 138.

Wolf hides hanging from the eaves of a cabin. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 271.

Alva Gunby and a swarm of bees on a stick. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 322.

Tom Hale and Pete Knox building a dam in the creek using horses and a Fresno. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 109.

Scott Bower on the ground and Ludwick Wolchyn on the stack. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 327.

Ruth Hughson and Dorothy DeBolt, on horseback and holding pitchforks, help with the haying. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 326.

The Frakes haying outfit at Stony Woman Lake. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 328.

Bob Frakes, David Ratzlaff, and Daniel Ratzlaff atop a horse-drawn wagon loaded with hay. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 328.

Frakes family haying at Side Lake. Lou and Clara are holding the stake and Bob is driving the team. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 328.

Fred Griffiths, Horace, and Ben Sutley with a horse-drawn sleigh loaded with hay. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 149.

Paul Newman and his sons making hay with several teams of horses. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 273.

The Platts making hay during the Depression. A horse-drawn wagon loaded with hay is visible in the foreground with a second team of horses in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 273.

Earl and Rupert Weegar during haying time on the Weegar homestead. The photograph shows horse-drawn wagon loaded with hay and a second wagon holding a barrel and Earl in front. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 273.

Scott Bower with a team of four horses hitched to a binder. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 177.

Ed Lebinski and a four-horse team at Harringtons’. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 239.

Percy Newman and a six-horse outfit. Various outbuildings are visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 327.

Willie Harrington and Billy Fair seeding with horses. A barn and outbuildings and visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 326.

Jim Hughson with his grandchildren Patricia Hughson and Owen Moore putting up ice for summer use. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 318.

Bill Sutherland and his son Bob making rope. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 321.

Dave Harrington standing in a wagon box treating seed, with a scarf tied over his face. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 326.

Bernard Lenes and Joe Newman making shingles. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 324.

Tom Moore running O. Gitzel’s steam engine. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 118.

Joe Newman on a steel-wheeled tractor, one of the first tractors in the district. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 9.

Wade Matlock bucking up wood using a bucksaw outside of a log building. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 320.

Elbert DeBolt hauling firewood on a sleigh drawn by a team of four horses. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 320.

Left to right: Katherine, Hank, Ike, Pete Sr., and John Doerkson saw wood for firewood. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 321.

The Bronson Woodsaw outfit resting. Left to right: Jasper Bronson, Ewan Fisher, George Nelms, and Fred Wilson. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 321.

George DeBolt beside a woodpile. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 321.

Jack and Becky Charney cutting wood with a chainsaw. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 321.

(L to R) Ed Mehlum, John Mehlum, Robert Mehlum, Charlie Moore, and Ove Nielsen using Charlie Moore’s wood cutting outfit on the Mehlum farm to saw a fuel supply. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 320.

The Bronson wood sawing outfit at the Frakes ranch. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 320.

John Mehlum, Ed Mehlum, Joe Newman, George DeBolt, and Ove Nielson with the Joe Newman woodsaw outfit. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 320.

B. Henderson (left), a cook, and Elbert DeBolt sit atop a load of logs during a log haul to the DeBolt and Bickell Sawmill. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 322 and in “Bridges to the Past,” p. 479.

Harvey Farrell and Bill Parker cutting logs for themselves and Ed Weber. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 322.

Carl Helene, Dick Lindsey, and Hugh Lindsey sitting atop of sleigh loaded with logs. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 257.

Tom and Katherine Klassen hauling logs from the Doerkson place using a horse-drawn sleigh. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 106.

A horse-drawn sleigh loaded with logs in the yard of the Rieger farm at Crooked Creek. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 260.

The Airth sawmill in operation. Children Wilbert and Leslie Airth are shown in the foreground. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 323.

Archie Wilson, Elmer Wilson, and Tom Smith operating the first sawmill in Clarkson Valley. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 323.

Piles of lumber, a horse, and two men working in the Dascalo lumber yard. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 323.

An exterior view of the Dascalo sawmill, including four workers. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 323 and in “Bridges to the Past,” p. 485.

The first sawmill in the DeBolt district, located where the hamlet of DeBolt is now, specifically where the curling rink and hotel are now. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 322.

Workers at the DeBolt-Bickell sawmill: (left to right) Whitey Woods, Carl Pettersson, Tom Moore, and Ellis Turner. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 322.

Harvey Farrell standing on a pile of logs at the DeBolt-Bickell sawmill with the bunkhouse in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 323.

The log barn on the Altenhof homestead. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 175.

Log buildings on the Altenhof homestead. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 175.

An exterior view of the log Atkinson cabin in winter. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 58.

An exterior view of the log Elmer Boe home. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 138.

Scott, Leota, and Goldie Pearl Bower’s tent while they were camped at Little Smoky enroute to the Simonette. Their daughter Louise’s cabin is visible on the left. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 176.

Leota Bower in the doorway of a cabin, which they moved into later in the summer of 1930. A tent is shown to the left. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 176.

An exterior view of the Bower home with a new addition. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 177.

An exterior view of the log Barney Cross cabin in winter. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 140.

Bert Crowe standing beside the original home at Goodwin with wolf and coyote hides hanging behind him. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 12.

Elbert DeBolt and his sister-in-law Virginia helping construct a cabin at Sam Turner’s. Virginia is holding a large tool. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 324.

An exterior view of the Dewhurst Cabin at Clarkson Valley. Two people are shown in the doorway. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 181.

Jack (John) Dixon standing in front of his house at Sturgeon Heights. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 213.

Jack Dixon seated outside his root cellar. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 212.

The first home of the Pete Doerkson family. The photograph shows a car parked between a tent and a sod-roofed log cabin. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 71.

An exterior view of the John T. Duerksen home with a dog sitting in the doorway. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 73.

An exterior view of the Frakes’ second house at Simonette, built about 1942. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 215.

An exterior view of the log house built by Wes Kadey in 1933. At the time “Across the Smoky” was published (1978), the house was still standing and owned by Jack Charney. Three people are standing in the doorway and a tractor is parked to the right of the house. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 139

The Knox brothers doing log work to build a new home. Left to right: Jackie Grant, Katherine Doerkson, (on building) John Doerkson, and Ike Doerkson (mounted). Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 324.

An exterior view of Nita and John Kramps’ first home at Crooked Creek. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 90.

An exterior view of the Lathwell cabin, the first building built on their homestead. Florence Lathwell is sitting in the window and Harry Lathwell (son) is standing in the doorway. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 187.

Ed Lempky turning the first furrow on the Lempky homestead with a team of four horses. The log house is shown in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 188.

Bernard Lenes and Joe Newman Sr. outside of a log cabin. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 9.

Lizzie, Wade, and Jimmy Matlock sitting on a pile of lumber in front of their log cabin, under construction, with Ellis Turner sitting on the roof of the cabin. A car is visible in the background. Used in “Across the Smoky,” p. 80.

Wade Matlock building his first cabin, standing on the roof. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 324.

Robert Mehlum with the dogs outside of the house that was the first cabin on the homestead. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 31.

A view of the Jack Mitchell homestead showing a log home and a large wood pile. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 39.

Moving the Murphy house during winter using teams of horses. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 271.

An exterior view of the Nelms house at Cornwall. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 219.

The first home of James and Violet Platt. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 15.

Reg Robertson building a log cabin. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 324.

An exterior view of Bob Rogers’ log cabin. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 125.

Art Thew and Walter Thew standing outside of a log house with a dead moose. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 164.

An exterior view of the shack where the Thews lived until they built their house. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 164.

An exterior view of the Webers’ first home in Cornwall. It was also used as a school until the school building was finished. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 231.

Eric [?] using an axe as he builds his log cabin. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 231.

Sigfred Welander sitting on the unfinished wall of the barn he is building. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 325.

Sigfred Welander building a log building. He is standing on top of partially finished walls, holding an axe. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 325.

An exterior view of the Wilburns’ log cabin and new home. A sleigh is parked outside. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 171.

An exterior view of Edgar Whitfield’s homestead shack. Edgar and Mrs. Sheffield are standing in the doorway with Mrs. Sheffield’s two sons playing on a sawhorse in front of the shack. Used in “Across the Smoky”, p. 325.

Winnie Moore and Jean Wilson mixing mortar for the DeBolt United Church Manse, the start of the DeBolt and District Pioneer Museum. The Manse is visible in the background.

Winnie Moore mixing mortar for the DeBolt United Church Manse, the start of the DeBolt and District Pioneer Museum. The Manse is visible in the background.

A view of the propane fixture inside the first room of the DeBolt United Church Manse, the start of the DeBolt and District Pioneer Museum.

A view looking through the front door of the small manse building that was the beginning of the DeBolt Museum.

An old church pew in the small manse building that was the beginning of the DeBolt Museum after the manse was painted.

A plaque dedicated to the DeBolt pioneers, located west of the Manse building in Hubert Memorial Park. The Edson Trail School bell is mounted above the plaque. The text of the plaque reads: “Erected in memory of the 1919 to 1922 pioneers, namely: Stevenson, Bowman, Mehlum, DeBolt, Voshall, Tilley, Turner, Clarke, Young, Oyler, Levalley, Sheltreau, Nielsen, Gallagher, McLarty, Stanton, Leonard, and Broomfield. These few families and single persons were the nucleus of the first permanent settlement. They motivated the establishment of other firsts, such as the first public school, first community hall and first protestant church east of the smoky. Though enduring many hardships, they never lost sight of their vision that this district could eventually become a populated area where folks might live an enjoyable life in a friendly rural setting. Their devotion to the land, courage, faith and hope enabled them to withstand the rigorous pioneer life and thus establish the first permanent settlement, which we now commemorate in its 50th anniversary year, 1969.”

An exterior view of the United Church Manse, the beginning of the DeBolt and District Pioneer Museum. There is a pile of rubble in front of the building.

An exterior view of the United Church Manse, the beginning of the DeBolt and District Pioneer Museum. There is a pile of rubble beside the building.

The rock cairn at the entrance of Hubert Memorial Park in DeBolt. The playground is visible in the background.

Two rock cairns at Hubert Memorial Park in DeBolt. The photograph is taken looking east.

Edna Stevenson cutting the ribbon at the official opening of the DeBolt and District Pioneer Museum in 1976.

People play horse shoes in the Hubert Memorial Park as part of the 1977 DeBolt Heritage Day celebration.

Moore, Peterson, Swann/Matlock, and Turner at the ice cream tent during the 1977 DeBolt Heritage Day celebration.

Lysle Wolchyn and Winnie Moore at the ice cream tent during the 1977 DeBolt Heritage Day celebration.

Turner, Swann, Peterson, and Flora Mehlum (wearing bonnet) at the ice cream tent during the 1977 DeBolt Heritage Day celebration.

Winnie Moore and Cora Welander at the 1977 DeBolt Heritage Day celebration.

Mattie Bowman and George Tilley at the ice cream tent during the 1977 DeBolt Heritage Day celebration.

Norma and Noreen Perkins making butter at the 1977 DeBolt Heritage Day celebration.

Attendees at the 1977 DeBolt Heritage Day celebration. The Hubert Memorial Park sign is visible in the background.

M. Sedore, M. Matlock, and J. Wilson at the quilt tent during the 1977 DeBolt Heritage Day celebration.

The John Mehlum Barn on its original site in fall, 1977, looking northeast. The barn was moved in 1979 to Hubert Memorial Park as part of the DeBolt and District Pioneer Museum.

The John Mehlum Barn on its original site in fall, 1977, looking northwest. The barn was moved in 1979 to Hubert Memorial Park as part of the DeBolt and District Pioneer Museum.

The John Mehlum Barn on its original site in fall, 1977, looking south. The barn was moved in 1979 to Hubert Memorial Park as part of the DeBolt and District Pioneer Museum.

The John Mehlum Barn being moved to Hubert Memorial Park in spring 1979 as part of the DeBolt and District Pioneer Museum.

The John Mehlum Barn being moved to Hubert Memorial Park in spring 1979 as part of the DeBolt and District Pioneer Museum. The photograph shows the front end being lifted.

The John Mehlum Barn being moved to Hubert Memorial Park in spring 1979 as part of the DeBolt and District Pioneer Museum. The photograph shows the moving truck in place.

An old mower by the Mehlum barn. The photograph was taken when the barn was being moved to Hubert Memorial Park in spring 1979 as part of the DeBolt and District Pioneer Museum.

Brenda Moore at the macrame display at the 1979 DeBolt Heritage Day celebration.

Ladies setting up supper at the 1979 DeBolt Heritage Day celebration.

Ceramic painting at the 1979 DeBolt Heritage Day celebration.

Outdoor oven pottery with R. Huette and family at the 1979 DeBolt Heritage Day celebration.

Mothers/leaders Isabel Lenes and Carol Harsch help during the 4-H clean up of barn shingles. Used in “Bridges to the Past,” p. 393.

4-H girls load a truck with shingles during a clean up.

Two 4-H girls box shingles during a clean up. Used in “Bridges to the Past,” p. 393.

Three 4-H members on a pile of shingles during a clean up.

4-H members load shingles into a truck during a clean up. A barbeque is visible in the foreground.

A display of photographs from the Glenbow Archives in Calgary hung in the dining room of the Country Club/Community Hall in DeBolt.